When ureterohydronephrosis affects only part of the kidney, the necessary diagnosis will be that of complete pyeloureteral duplication. It is necessary to observe the following:
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duplication with dilation of the upper pole: the cause must be obstruct and is in most cases due to ureterocele, which is a congenital dilation of the intramucosal segment of the distal ureter. That congenital dilation is frequent in duplicated systems but not in single ones. It is also necessary to consider the possibility that the dilation is a question of either stenosis of the pyeloureteral junction or even urethral ectopia.
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duplication with dilation of the lower pole: the cause is always because of vesicoureteral reflux.




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